Syphilis
Syphilis is a sexually transmitted infection (STI) caused by the bacterium Treponema pallidum. It can also be transmitted from mother to baby during childbirth, resulting in congenital syphilis. Syphilis progresses through several stages, each with its own set of symptoms.
Different Stages of Syphilis
These stages are characterized by specific symptoms and manifestations. The stages of syphilis are as follows:
Primary Syphilis:
This is the first stage of syphilis, characterized by the appearance of a painless sore or ulcer called a chancre. The chancre typically appears at the site of infection, which is usually the genitals, anus, or mouth. However, it can also occur on other parts of the body. The chancre typically lasts for 3 to 6 weeks and heals on its own, even without treatment. Because the sore is painless and may go unnoticed, many people with primary syphilis are unaware of their infection.
Secondary Syphilis:
If syphilis is left untreated, it progresses to the secondary stage, which usually occurs a few weeks to a few months after the appearance of the chancre.
Latent Syphilis:
If syphilis is still untreated after the secondary stage, it progresses to the latent stage, during which the infection remains dormant and asymptomatic. Latent syphilis can last for years, and individuals may not realize they are infected during this time.
Tertiary Syphilis:
In some cases, if syphilis remains untreated for many years, it can progress to the tertiary stage, which can cause serious complications such as damage to the heart, brain, nerves, eyes, liver, bones, and joints. Tertiary syphilis is rare in the era of antibiotic treatment.